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Chapter 1 A Cure for Troubled SoulsLibrium is famous, and Valium even more so. Their discovery 40 years ago opened up undreamed-of opportunities for the medical and pharmaceutical worlds. Both medications exhibit the characteristic effects of the benzodiazepines: They are anxiolytics, anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants, and tranquilizers. No previous drugs treated such a range of indications.The man who discovered the benzodiazepine group of active substances is Leo Henryk Sternbach. His work heralded the start of a new era in research and therapeutics.The list of Sternbach's extraordinary achievements includes 125 publications, 230 U.S. patents, the Carl Mannich Medal of the German Pharmaceutical Society, the Chemical Pioneer Award of the American Institute of Chemists, induction into the New Jersey Inventors Hall of Fame, and honorary doctorates from the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, the University of Vienna, and Centenary College, Hackettstown, New Jersey. US News & World Report n\xmhe.K Sternbach among the 25 most important people of the 20th century, along with Louis Armstrong, Levi Strauss (the inventor of blue jeans), Frank McNamara, (the creator of credit cards), and Charles Houston (the brilliant lawyer who wanted justice for all).Librium has an international reputation, and Valium is even more widely known. Sternbach, in contrast, has lived his life in the shadow of anonymity. It is a life that should have piqued the curiosity of poten-